MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III (MP3) is a digital, audio-coding format used to compress a sound sequence into a very small file to enable digital storage and transmission. So you can convert files without worrying about file security and privacy. Plus, we upload files over a secure HTTPS connection and delete all files automatically after a few hours. It works on Windows, Mac, Linux, Chrome, Edge, Firefox. Fade In/Out - Use the fading-in/out effect for a more pleasant listening experience.Trim Settings - Use these options to trim your output audio file.For high-quality audio, we recommend either 44100 Hz (CD Quality) or 48000 Hz (DVD Quality) Audio Sample Rate - Sample rate defines how many times per second a sound is sampled.Audio Bitrate - Weather you use CBR or VBR, choose the highest bitrate you can afford (at the expense of a bigger file size) for the best audio quality.Use CBR when you want a constant bitrate throughout. However, VBR may also introduce playback/seek issues due to the variability in bitrate. Choose VBR when you want to optimize file size and quality (the encoder will use a higher bitrate for complex content while saving bitrate from areas that do not need as much data. Audio Rate Control - You can either use VBR (Variable Bit Rate) or CBR (Constant Bit Rate).Doing so will also unlock most of the following advanced options. Audio Codec - Select the MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer III) codec for the best MP3 quality.Use our Advanced Settings to perfectly convert any file to MP3 format. Simply use the URL upload method and enter any audio or video file URL. Plus, you can also convert online audio & video files to MP3 format. We support wav, flac, wma, m4a, alac, ogg, aac, amr, aiff, mp4, m4v, mkv, avi, wmv, f4v, f4p, mov, and more. Our MP3 Converter can convert any audio or video file to MP3 format.
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There is some evidence that oregano may be an effective pain reliever. More research will help confirm this potential benefit, but rubbing diluted oregano oil on the skin may be a natural way to help repel insects. The research included test tube studies and those with human participants. In 2017, researchers found that these compounds repelled some ticks and mosquitos. Repelling insectsīoth carvacrol and thymol may be effective insect-repellents. Healing woundsĪpplying diluted oregano oil to the skin may help protect smaller cuts and scrapes on the skin as they heal.Ĭompounds such as thymol and carvacrol could protect these types of wound from bacterial infections. While the results show promise, the researchers have called for more tests on humans to determine a safe dosage. In another animal study, the compound reduced swelling. In one study on mice, the compound prevented obesity by affecting the genes involved in inflammation. Research from 2017 looked at a variety of investigations into carvacrol’s anti-inflammatory effects. The compound carvacrol shows anti-inflammatory effects in both animal models and in vitro studies. Some sources claim that oregano oil may help reduce inflammation. Share on Pinterest Oregano may have anti-inflammatory properties. The researchers suggested that further studies explore safe doses for regular use. Thymol and carvacrol are powerful antioxidants that may help reduce oxidation. Oxidation may also play a role in other issues, such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, and some cancers. Oxidative stress may lead to increased DNA damage and cell death. Antioxidants help protect the body from damage caused by oxidative stress and free radicals. Oregano oil is also a potent antioxidant. The research was conducted in test tubes, however, and determining oregano oil’s effectiveness will require more studies in humans. Research from 2015 found thymol to be an effective treatment for common Candida fungal infections.Ĭandida causes several types of infections, including: Oregano oil also appears to be a potent antifungal agent thanks to high levels of thymol. People with SIBO experience gastrointestinal problems due to an overgrowth of certain bacteria in their intestines.Ī 2014 study found that herbal remedies, including one that contained high levels of both carvacrol and thymol, were effective tools in treating SIBO.Įxploring the individual effects of each compound will require more research, but these initial findings may be promising. Oregano oil may help treat chronic bacterial issues, such as SIBO. Treating small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) The authors of a study in Frontiers in Microbiologyfound that a combination of oregano oil and silver nanoparticles effectively eliminated all the bacteria they tested. Researchers are also exploring the use of oregano oil for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Taking oregano oil supplements or rubbing it on the skin may help a person make use of these antibacterial effects. Research shows that carvacrol is effective in eliminating the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, two common causes of infection. Some strains occur naturally in the body, but when the bacteria grow too quickly, it can cause bothersome symptoms. Thanks to the high levels of carvacrol, oregano oil may help fight certain types of bacteria.įor instance, Staphylococcus is a common type of bacteria that causes staph infection. Oregano oil may have the following health benefits: 1. 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Element List 2 (with atomic number, atomic radius, electronegativity, and number of valence electrons)Įxplain to students that in Activity 1, they are to create an organized table from the information in Element List 1, based on a trend or pattern they see in the elements’ electron configuration.Create a central activity station where students can collect the following: A portion of such a list follows:įor Element List 2, list the first 36 elements’ names symbols atomic numbers atomic radius values electronegativity values and, for only the first 20 elements, the number of valence electrons.ģ. 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Too often, students remember for a short time certain trends and properties associated with groups and periods of elements yet come away from a study of the periodic table without really understanding or appreciating how much information the table provides. 819 Identifying family and period properties within the periodic table Getting a good idea of your business expenses will help you when making decisions about your business’ finances. Here are the key benefits: Better financial decision making Benefits of using an Excel spreadsheet for business expenses Still not convinced? The next section gives you a list of advantages and benefits of using an Excel spreadsheet to manage your business expenses. Free Excel templates provide you with a simple outline to stick to, as well as flexibility to modify them to fit your business. 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Calculate the total number of instances in the data set.Logs of the probabilities of each possible outcomeĪbove is indicative of how much entropy is remaining prior to doing anyĬalculate the Information Gain for Each AttributeĪttribute in the data set (e.g. With the frequencyĬounts of each unique class, we can calculate the prior entropy of this data Total instances: 9 instances of p and 5 instances of n. That will help us determine if we should play tennis or not.Ĭalculate the Prior Entropy of the Data Set ID3 Exampleįrom the example in the previous section, we want to create a decision tree = -(p/(p+0))log 2(p/(p+0)) + -(0/(p+0))log 2(0/(p+0))Įasiest to explain the full ID3 algorithm using actual numbers, so below I willĭemonstrate how the ID3 algorithm works using an example. don’t play tennis) in the data set, the entropy will be 0. That if there are only instances with class p (i.e. The biggest impact on the entropy of the data set. Weights make sure that classes that appear most frequently in a data set make The weights in the summation are the actual probabilities themselves. This negation ensures that the logarithmic term returns small numbers for high probabilities (low entropy greater certainty) and large numbers for small probabilities (higher entropy less certainty). The negative sign at the beginning of the equation is used to change the negative values returned by the log function to positive values (Kelleher, Namee, & Arcy, 2015). n = number of negative instances (e.g.p = number of positive instances (e.g. = weighted sum of the logs of the probabilities of each possible Log is used as convention in Shannon’s Information Theory). Instances p (play tennis) and negative instances n (don’t play tennis), theĮntropy contained in a data set is defined mathematically as follows (base 2 To the running example, in a binary classification problem with positive Greater the entropy is, the higher the uncertainty, and the less information Occurring, the entropy (also impurity) of the data set will be high. If there are many differentĬlass types in a data set, and each class type has the same probability of Thus a measure of how heterogeneous a data set is. Instance is a different class, entropy would be high because you have noĬertainty when trying to predict the class of a random instance. However, if there is a data set in which each A data set in which there is only oneĬlass has 0 entropy (high information here because we know with 100% certainty To think about entropy is how certain we would feel if we were to guess theĬlass of a random training instance. Aĭata set with a lot of disorder or uncertainty does not provide us a lot of Measure of the amount of disorder or uncertainty (units of entropy are bits). How is “most information” determined? It isĭetermined using the idea of entropy reduction which is part of Shannon’s Information gain if we were to split the instances into subsets based on the Time where at each node we select the attribute which provides the most We can then classify fresh test instances based on the rules definedįrom the root of the tree, ID3 builds the decision tree one interior node at a Keep splitting the data into smaller and smaller subsets (recursively) untilĮach subset consists of a single class label (e.g. Objective behind building a decision tree is to use the attribute values to We then split each of those subsets even further based on another Used to create a subset of ‘sunny’ instances, ‘overcast’, and ‘rainy’ For example, the weather outlook attribute can be Split the instances in the data set into subsets (i.e. The columns of the data set are the attributes, where the rightmostĪttribute can take on a set of values. With a data set in which each row of the data set corresponds to a single Get into the details of ID3, let us examine how decision trees work.
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“Keep in mind that black hair is highly pigmented,” she says. Apply a gloss treatment in between salon visits to seal the hair cuticle and protect it from heat styling tools and blow drying.”įor touch-ups, Haliti recommends going to the salon every four to six weeks. “This helps preserve the color and prevent fading. “Use a color-treated shampoo specifically,” says Haliti. Upkeep is important to make sure your black hair color stays fresh. “The tones I would recommend most would be either a cinnamon brown or deep, rich dark brown.” How do you keep black hair from turning brown? “I love adding a deep, warm brown highlight to black hair as a fun and easy way to add dimension and depth,” she says. Gomila’s favorite take on highlights for black hair is deep, warm brown. What color highlights look best on dark hair? This option is more dramatic and edgy,” she says. “For a striking contrast, platinum or ash blonde highlights can create a stunning visual impact against dark hair. If you want something bolder and edgier, consider touches of platinum or ash blonde. “It can bring out the red undertones in dark hair, adding depth and intensity to your overall color," she says, while chocolate or chestnut highlights can provide “subtle contrast while maintaining a natural appearance.” To increase dimension, try copper or mahogany highlights. She also recommends auburn or red highlights to create a vibrant contrast. “Warm caramel or honey highlights can add dimension and warmth to dark hair, creating a subtle and natural-looking effect.” “When it comes to choosing highlights for dark hair, a few colors can create a beautiful contrast and enhance your overall look,” she says. If you have black hair but want to add some extra color or dimension, Haliti recommends highlights. “Black hair has always been highly regarded as a sleek, fashionable hair color,” she says. “A well-chosen haircut can amplify the impact of black hair, enhancing its inherent charm and making a lasting impression.”Ĭelebrity hair stylist and colorist Ashley Gomila agrees, pointing to the shade’s bold simplicity. “My advice is to embrace the unique beauty of black hair and consider exploring various hairstyles that complement its natural allure,” she says. “Black hair is inherently cool and exudes a powerful presence that makes a strong statement,” she says.īut just because black hair is timeless doesn’t mean it has to be boring. Why is black hair so appealing? According to Abby Haliti, founder of Abby Haliti Color Studio, the shade is a no-fail classic. Deeper shades are spiking this summer, thanks in part to the rise of quiet luxury hair, so why not go all the way? Black hair is a celeb favorite, after all, with celebs like Jennie Kim, Kim Kardashian, Dua Lipa, and Lana Condor making the shade their signature color. If the most popular hair color trends of 2023 are any indication, black hair color ideas are trending. |
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